Also: humpback song
Humpback whales sing long, repeated songs.
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Payne and McVay found humpbacks repeat 7–30 minute sound sequences ("songs") with precision, in sessions lasting hours.
As reported in: Payne, McVay (1971). Songs of Humpback Whales. Science. doi:10.1126/science.173.3997.585
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Noad and colleagues recorded east Australian humpbacks rapidly replacing their song with a completely new song type, an unusually radical song change.
As reported in: Noad, Cato, Bryden et al. (2000). Cultural revolution in whale songs. Nature. doi:10.1038/35046199
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Garland and colleagues found multiple humpback song types spread repeatedly eastward across western and central South Pacific populations over 11 years.
As reported in: Garland, Goldizen, Rekdahl et al. (2011). Dynamic Horizontal Cultural Transmission of Humpback Whale Song at the Ocean Basin Scale. Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.03.019
Cholewiak and colleagues reviewed the hierarchical terms used for humpback song (units, phrases, themes) and proposed guidelines for consistently defining phrases.
As reported in: Cholewiak, Sousa‐Lima, Cerchio (2012). Humpback whale song hierarchical structure: Historical context and discussion of current classification issues. Marine Mammal Science. doi:10.1111/mms.12005
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